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Phase Pardhi or Phasse Pardhi are a tribe in India. The tribe often faces harassment by Indian law enforcement agencies. The tribe is found mostly in Maharashtra and parts of Madhya Pradesh. The Phasse are a sub tribe of the Pardhi tribe, which includes sub-tribes like Gav-Paradhi, Berad-Paradhi, Gai-Paradhi, Chita-Paradhi. The ''Passe'' number 60,000, with 10,000 child beggars and only 3,000 literates in Mumbai alone. ''Pardhi'' is the term for "hunter". Widely found surnames among them include Chauhan, Pawar and Solanke.〔and bhosale(History of Paradhis ) ''ambedkar.org''.〕 ==History== The Pardhis claim descent from the Rajputs. The criminal branding of the tribe goes back to 1871 after the British passed the "Criminal Tribes Act". About a hundred and fifty tribes were branded as criminal, and the police were given sweeping powers to arrest them and watch over their movements. T. V. Stephens, a British officer at that time quoted:
Volume XII of the 1880 Bombay Presidency Gazette has further comments about the group stating:
In 1952, the tribe was denotified as "criminal" and named as a nomadic tribe. However this has not changed the public perception of the tribe, and they continue to be stigmatized and live as outcasts, further aggravating their economic hardships.〔(Bania Arrested for Spying ) by Dilip D'Souza. ''Rediff.com'', January 18, 2003.〕〔(Injustice, go away: Phase Pardhis are one of India's denotified tribes but the authorities and society in general continue to think of them as criminals ) ''The Hindu'', Sunday, Jun 01, 2003.〕 Another Paradhi tribe called the Gav-Paradhi, settled primarily in the Amravati District Maharashtra, escaped the label of 'criminal tribe' as they were mostly agriculturalists. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Phase Pardhi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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